***** Description *****

This replication archive contains all data and code to replicate the figures and results in "Downplaying Extremism? How the State Approaches Right-wing and Left-wing Extremist Threats" by Jeyhun Alizade, Rafaela Dancygier, and Jonathan Homola.


***** File Overview *****

** R scripts **
figure_1_1.R -- R script to generate Figure 1.1

figure_2_1.R -- R script to generate Figure 2.1

figure_3_4.R -- R script to generate Figure 3.4

figure_3_5.R -- R script to generate Figure 3.5

figure_3_6.R -- R script to generate Figure 3.6

figure_3_7.R -- R script to generate Figure 3.7

figure_4_1.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.1

figure_4_2.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.2

figure_4_4.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.4

figure_4_5.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.5

figure_4_7.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.7

figure_4_1.R -- R script to generate Figure 4.1
 
figure_b_2-3 -- R script to generate Figure B.2 (a and b) and Figure B.3 (a and b)

figure_c_1.R -- R script to generate Figure C.1

figure_c_1.R -- R script to generate Figure C.1

figure_d_1.R -- R script to generate Figure D.1

figure_d_2.R -- R script to generate Figure D.2

figure_d_3.R -- R script to generate Figure D.3

figure_e_1.R -- R script to generate Figure E.1

figure_e_2.R -- R script to generate Figure E.2

table_c_1.R -- R script to generate Table C.1

table_c_2.R -- R script to generate Table C.2

table_c_3.R -- R script to generate Table C.3

table_c_4.R -- R script to generate Table C.4

table_d_1.R -- R script to generate Table D.1

table_d_2.R -- R script to generate Table D.2

table_d_3.R -- R script to generate Table D.3

table_d_4.R -- R script to generate Table D.4

table_d_5.R -- R script to generate Table D.5

table_d_6.R -- R script to generate Table D.6

table_d_7.R -- R script to generate Table D.7

table_d_8.R -- R script to generate Table D.8

table_d_9.R -- R script to generate Table D.9

table_d_10.R -- R script to generate Table D.10

table_d_11.R -- R script to generate Table D.11

table_d_12.R -- R script to generate Table D.12

table_d_13.R -- R script to generate Table D.13

table_d_14.R -- R script to generate Table D.14

table_e_1.R -- R script to generate Table E.1

table_e_2.R -- R script to generate Table E.2

table_e_3.R -- R script to generate Table E.3

table_e_4.R -- R script to generate Table E.4

manifestos_analysis.R -- R script to generate most of the figures and tables for the analysis of manifestos in the main text and Appendix (Figure 3.1b, Table B.4, Figure 3.3, Figure B.1b, Table B.2, Table B.6, Table B.8, Table B.10, Table B.12, Table B.14). It also extracts the coefficients and SEs for the manifesto portion of Figure 3.7 (see separate script).

speeches_analysis.R -- R script to generate most of the figures and tables for the analysis of speeches in the main text and Appendix (Figure 3.1a, Table B.3, Figure 3.2, Figure B.1a, Table B.1, Table B.5, Table B.7, Table B.9, Table B.11, Table B.13, Table B.15). It also extracts the coefficients and SEs for the speeches portion of Figure 3.7 (see separate script).

validation.R -- R script to generate the results of the handcoding/validation exercises (Figure B.4, Table B.16, Table B.17, Table B.18).

** Data files **

inquiries.csv -- The dataset for the analysis of the hand-coded parliamentary inquiries.

manifestos.csv -- The main dataset for the analysis of manifestos. Necessary to run manifestos_analysis.R.

nexis_de_lwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on left-wing extremism in German newspapers by year.

nexis_de_rwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on right-wing extremism in German newspapers by year.

nexis_uk_lwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on left-wing extremism in UK newspapers by year.

nexis_uk_rwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on right-wing extremism in UK newspapers by year.

nexis_usa_lwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on left-wing extremism in US newspapers by year.

nexis_usa_rwe.csv -- Dataset containing the number of articles on right-wing extremism in US newspapers by year.

polbar_agg.dta -- Dataset containing state-year-level data on support for far-right parties based on polling results (from Politbarometer) and vote shares in elections.

police_metadata.csv -- The main dataset for the analysis of police union journals.

speeches.csv -- The main dataset for the analysis of speeches. Necessary to run speeches_analysis.R.

stm_data.csv -- Dataset containing page-level topic proportions from a structural topic model of the intelligence reports.

validation1.csv -- The dataset for the first handcoding/validation exercise.

validation2.csv -- The dataset for the second handcoding/validation exercise.

validation3.csv -- The dataset for the second handcoding/validation exercise.

vsberichte_metadata.xlsx -- The main dataset for the analysis of the intelligence reports; also contains yearly extremist crime numbers extracted from the reports.

** PDF files **
List if any...


***** Additional Information *****

The following R packages were used to produce the results:
1) tidyverse version 2.0.0
2) gridExtra version 2.3
3) ggprism version 1.0.4
4) stargazer version 5.2.3
5) psych version 2.3.9
6) xtable version 1.8-4
7) marginaleffects version 0.22.0
8) ggplot2 version 3.4.4
9) openxlsx version 4.2.8
10) mice version 3.18.0
11) MASS version 7.3-65
12) miceadds version 3.18-36
13) margins version 0.3.28
14) readstata13 version 0.11.0
15) sandwich version 3.1-1
16) lmtest 0.9-40



***** References *****

Alizade, Jeyhun, Rafaela Dancygier, and Jonathan Homola. "Downplaying Extremism? How the State Approaches Right-wing and Left-wing Extremist Threats." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Elements in European Politics).